Hidden Risks of Black Licorice (2024)

A Rutgers expert discusses how eating black licorice can affect your health

This week, The New England Journal of Medicine reported that a man with a poor diet died of cardiac arrest after eating a bag-and-a-half of black licorice daily for weeks.

Diane Calello, executive medical director of the New Jersey Poison Control Center, based at Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, discusses safe consumption of black licorice.

How safe is it to eat black licorice?

Black licorice is definitely safe to eat in small amounts. The case in the journal involved excessive consumption with very limited diet otherwise. However, it is important to realize that black licorice is more than just candy. It contains glycyrrhizic acid, which can cause swelling and high blood pressure and deplete potassium and other electrolytes that may cause a cardiac arrhythmia or arrest. Glycyrrhizic acid can be found in other foods, such as jelly beans and beverages for flavor.

What is a safe amount to consume?

There is not a specific “safe” amount, but people with high blood pressure or heart or kidney disease should avoid black licorice, which could worsen these conditions. For people over 40, the FDA says that more than two ounces a day for two weeks may be problematic and cause irregular heart rhythm or arrhythmia.People who are on medications or supplements that may be affected by licorice consumption should consult their doctor.

All foods and beverages should be consumed in moderation. It’s Ok to enjoy an occasional black licorice, but it should not be part of your daily diet, particularly if you have underlying conditions that might be worsened by it.

Should people be concerned about licorice-flavored food and beverages?

Likely no. Many “licorice” or “licorice flavor” products contain anise oil, which has the same smell and taste but not actual licorice.

Hidden Risks of Black Licorice (2024)

FAQs

Hidden Risks of Black Licorice? ›

So, eating too much licorice — or too frequently — can result in high blood pressure, low potassium levels, and other signs of pseudohyperaldosteronism. This can be deadly, especially in people with preexisting heart or kidney conditions.

What problems can black licorice cause? ›

However, it is important to realize that black licorice is more than just candy. It contains glycyrrhizic acid, which can cause swelling and high blood pressure and deplete potassium and other electrolytes that may cause a cardiac arrhythmia or arrest.

How much black licorice is safe per day? ›

When taken by mouth: Licorice is likely safe for most people when eaten in typical food amounts. Licorice that has had the chemical glycyrrhizin removed is possibly safe when taken in doses up to 4.5 grams daily for up to 4 months.

Who should not eat licorice? ›

People with the following conditions should not take licorice:
  • Heart failure.
  • Heart disease.
  • Hormone-sensitive cancers, such as breast, ovarian, uterine, or prostate cancer.
  • Fluid retention.
  • High blood pressure (hypertension)
  • Diabetes.
  • Kidney disease.
  • Liver disease.

What is the healthiest licorice to eat? ›

If you want the most nutritious licorice available on the market, look no further than Panda all-natural sweet licorice. The list of ingredients for the licorice-based treats is impressively short. They are made from molasses, which contains a high nutritional value and is rich in protein.

Is black licorice bad for your gut? ›

Its also popularly used as a natural laxative, so it can help with constipation, and as an aid for digestive problems. According to the medical journal, Nutrition and Cancer, substances in licorice may even protect against carcinogen-induced DNA.

Is black licorice hard on your liver? ›

There have been no single case reports of liver injury due to licorice and large case series and registries of drug- and dietary supplement induced liver injury, and licorice has not been listed as an implicated agent. Likelihood score: E (unlikely cause of clinically apparent liver injury).

What happens when you eat 2 ounces of black licorice? ›

The risks with potassium and blood pressure are greatest for people who already have high blood pressure, heart disease, or kidney disease. For people who are 40 or older, eating at least 2 ounces of genuine black licorice daily for 2 weeks might lead to hospitalization for heart palpitations.

Are Twizzlers real licorice? ›

Yes, the original TWIZZLERS Twists are licorice because they include licorice extract. However, the most popular flavors like strawberry or cherry do not include licorice extract, so they are often referred to as licorice type candy. Are TWIZZLERS Twists a healthy snack?

What medications should not be taken with licorice? ›

Liquorice extract has mineralocorticoid-like effects and can cause hypokalaemia, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmia and myopathy. Patients taking fludrocortisone or medicines which can deplete potassium should avoid eating liquorice or taking supplements containing liquorice extract.

Why is black licorice so gross? ›

The sense of taste is genetic, so when someone complains that black licorice is too bitter, they're tasting the glycyrrhizin, the compound in licorice root that's chemically similar to saccharin. This may be why they taste the bitterness.

Is licorice hard on your heart? ›

Too much glycyrrhizin can therefore lead to problems such as raised blood pressure, fluid retention, muscle weakness and heart rhythm abnormalities (arrhythmia). The good news is that if liquorice has this effect on you, the changes are not normally permanent.

Is black licorice a laxative? ›

Licorice also exhibits mild laxative properties, aiding in relieving constipation by promoting bowel movements. Additionally, licorice has been studied for its role in supporting a healthy gut microbiome, specifically regarding the eradication of H. pylori infection.

Are there any benefits to eating black licorice? ›

It's popular in these natural non-pharmacological therapies because licorice contains a lot of potentially healthy components, including ones that have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, anticancer, hepatoprotective (protects the liver), and neuroprotective (prevents nerve cell death) properties.

Is black licorice full of sugar? ›

That doesn't make them healthy; they still contain sugar, which can lead to obesity and other health problems if you consume too much. Ingredients vary by brand, but one widely available variety pack has 140 calories and 17 grams of sugar per 40-gram serving. (That's a little less than 1 1/2 ounces.)

Which is healthier, red licorice or black licorice? ›

Red Licorice vs.

WINNER: Red licorice. Many people assume that black licorice root can alleviate health issues. This hasn't been proven, but eating large quantities of black licorice may be dangerous to people 40 and older because a compound in it has been linked to heart problems, according to the FDA.

What happens when you have too much liquorice? ›

Potential side effects. Liquorice extract consumption can reduce blood potassium levels resulting in abnormal heart rhythms, high blood pressure, oedema, lethargy, heart failure and hypokalaemic myopathy manifesting as flaccid paralysis13.

Is black licorice inflammatory? ›

The side effect may due to the cortical hormone like action. Conclusion: Licorice and its natural compounds have demonstrated anti-inflammatory activities.

Why is black licorice bad for your kidneys? ›

In high doses and long application, Licorice caused sodium retention and high blood pressure and might lead to hypokalemia and rhabdomyolysis with acute renal failure [36, 37].

What is licorice poisoning? ›

Cases of poisoning are mostly chronic in nature, not acute; however, binging on licorice has also resulted in toxicity. Symptoms of licorice toxicity may include the following: Fatigue and muscle cramping. Dark urine (myoglobinuria) Weakness (hypokalemia, myopathies)

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